PEMANFAATAN KECERDASAN BUATAN DALAM PEMBELAJARAN BAHASA ARAB: ANALISIS PENGGUNAAN CHATGPT UNTUK PENGEMBANGAN KETERAMPILAN MENULIS MAHASISWA

• Nurhuda Abdillah

  Sekolah Tinggi Agama Islam Minhajul Haq

  Author

• Harsing

  Sekolah Tinggi Agama Islam Minhajul Haq

  Author

• Isrun Abdurahman

  Sekolah Tinggi Agama Islam Minhajul Haq

  Author

The emergence of generative artificial intelligence (Generative AI), such as ChatGPT, has brought significant changes to higher education, including Arabic language learning for non-native speakers (Arabic as a Foreign Language). Writing skills (Maharah al-Kitabah) are considered a relatively complex productive skill. Learners are required not only to master word formation (Sarf) and Arabic grammar (Nahwu), but also to organize ideas coherently and logically. This article employs a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) approach based on the PRISMA 2020 standards to map the use of ChatGPT in Arabic writing, examine the reliability of AI in Arabic grammar, and identify research gaps that remain underexplored. The review findings indicate that ChatGPT can serve as a useful writing partner (human-AI co-writer), particularly for generating ideas, enriching vocabulary, and correcting basic grammatical errors. However, AI still frequently produces errors or “hallucinations” when dealing with morphologically complex words, variations in Arabic dialects, and unvocalized texts. As a result, AI-generated writing may appear linguistically polished on the surface while containing grammatical inaccuracies. Furthermore, excessive reliance on AI may pose risks to academic integrity, while AI detection tools themselves often produce inaccurate results when identifying Arabic-language texts (false positives). This review also finds that existing research remains overly focused on English, tends to examine only the final writing outcomes without investigating students’ cognitive processes, and has paid limited attention to AI models specifically developed for the Arab region, such as ALLaM and Jais. Therefore, the approach to AI-assisted learning needs to shift from merely using AI toward purposeful and reflective utilization through frameworks such as the Spiral Learning Model and Genre-Based Pedagogy, so that AI functions as a scaffold without diminishing students’ autonomy and critical thinking.

Abdul-Mageed, M., Elmadany, A., & Nagoudi, E. M. B. (2021). ARBERT & MARBERT: Deep Bidirectional Transformers for Arabic. Proceedings of the 59th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics.

Alansari, A., & Luqman, H. (2025). AraHalluEval: A Fine-grained Hallucination Evaluation Framework for Arabic LLMs. Proceedings of The Third Arabic Natural Language Processing Conference.

Daud, N. A. A., & Muhith, M. (2026). ChatGPT as a Co-Writer in Arabic Writing Instruction: Exploring Its Pedagogical Role in Maharah Kitabah Learning in Malaysia. Journal of Arabic Language Technology and Education.

Hady, Y., Muhbib, M., & Maswani, M. (2026). Artificial Intelligence-Based Arabic Language Learning: A Systematic Study of the Development and Challenges of Pedagogical Innovation. Online Learning In Educational Research (OLER).

Kasneci, E., Sessler, K., Küchemann, S., Bannert, M., Dementieva, D., Fischer, F., ... & Kasneci, G. (2023). ChatGPT for good? On opportunities and challenges of large language models for education. Learning and Individual Differences.

Kayyali, M. (2026). Academic Integrity in the Age of Generative AI: Risks and Institutional Responses. In T. Charles & C. Hill (Eds.), Integrity, Assessment, and Collaboration in the AI Classroom. IGI Global Scientific Publishing.

Khondaker, M. T. I., Waheed, A., Nagoudi, E. M. B., & Abdul-Mageed, M. (2023). GPTAraEval: A Comprehensive Evaluation of ChatGPT on Arabic NLP. Proceedings of the 2023 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing.

Mubarak, H., Hawasly, M., & Mohamed, A. (2026). Nahw: A Comprehensive Benchmark of Arabic Grammar Understanding, Error Detection, Correction, and Explanation. EACL 2026.

Page, M. J., McKenzie, J. E., Bossuyt, P. M., Boutron, I., Hoffmann, T. C., Mulrow, C. D., ... & Moher, D. (2021). The PRISMA 2020 statement: an updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews. BMJ.

Tamam, M. I., Ilahi, M. M. K., Cholilah, Z., Taufiqurrochman, R., & Machmudah, U. (2024). Utilizing ChatGPT for analyzing Arabic texts in the study of nahwu (Arabic grammar). KITABA: Journal of Interdisciplinary Arabic Learning.

Yasmar, R., Suja, A., & Hidayat, A. F. S. (2023). Pemanfaatan ChatGPT dalam Meningkatkan Keterampilan Menulis/Maharah Kitabah Berbasis 6C. Al-Jawhar: Journal of Arabic Language.

Zubaidi, A. (2024). Enhancing Arabic writing skills using Chat GPT-based AI learning models: A tridimensional human-AI collaboration framework. Indonesian Journal of Applied Linguistics.

Karya yang dikutip

1. Transforming Arabic Writing Skills through Qur'anic Expression, https://ejournal.uiidalwa.ac.id/index.php/jpi/article/download/4212/1336

2. (PDF) Why AI Struggles to Understand Arabic Grammar: A Techno, https://www.researchgate.net/publication/410163831_Why_AI_Struggles_to_Understand_Arabic_Grammar_A_Techno-Pedagogical_Review_of_Computational_and_Linguistic_Challenges

3. ChatGPT as a Co-Writer in Arabic Writing Instruction: Exploring Its, https://journal.hilyah.id/index.php/jaltech/article/view/33

4. Urgensi Mahāratul Kitābah Dalam Pembelajaran Bahasa Arab, https://counselia.faiunwir.ac.id/index.php/cs/article/download/115/50

5. Journal of Arabic Language Education, https://journal.pppbai.or.id/index.php/arabiyati/article/download/285/119

6. Eksistensi Mahārah Al- Kitābah Dalam Pembelajaran Bahasa Arab, https://www.researchgate.net/publication/377914796_Eksistensi_Maharah_Al-_Kitabah_Dalam_Pembelajaran_Bahasa_Arab

7. Pembelajaran Keterampilan Menulis (Maharah al-Kitabah) dalam, https://www.researchgate.net/publication/350379722_Pembelajaran_Keterampilan_Menulis_Maharah_al-Kitabah_dalam_Bahasa_Arab

8. Students' Lived Experiences in Learning Maharah al-Kitabah, https://ejournal.iainmadura.ac.id/index.php/alibbaa/article/view/23558/5162

9. Analisis Problematika Pembelajaran Maharah Kitabah dengan, https://jerkin.org/index.php/jerkin/article/download/3773/3114/24256

10. The Use of ChatGPT in Developing Scientific Writing Skills among, https://proceedingincisst.arraayah.ac.id/index.php/incisst/article/view/420

11. A Systematic Review of Arabic Writing Learning Methods | Al-Jawhar, https://ejournal.diwanpustaka.com/aljawhar/article/view/87

12. Integrasi Platform Morfologi Komputasional sarf.one dalam, https://jurnal.stiq-amuntai.ac.id/index.php/al-miyar/article/view/6535

13. Pembelajaran Kitabah Bahasa Arab Melalui Media Digital Interaktif, https://jurnal.stiq-amuntai.ac.id/index.php/al-miyar/article/download/6335/pdf

14. Ihya Al-Arabiyah; Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa dan Sastra Arab, https://jurnal.uinsu.ac.id/index.php/ihya/article/download/24541/10056

15. University students' reactions to ChatGPT: Enhancing academic, https://ijirss.com/index.php/ijirss/article/download/5048/803/8148

16. Evaluation of Large Language Models on Arabic Punctuation, https://aclanthology.org/2025.abjadnlp-1.15.pdf

17. GPT-4 - OpenAI, https://openai.com/index/gpt-4-research/

18. Learning Arabic for Writing Skills (Maharah Kitabah) Based on, https://proceeding.arab-um.com/index.php/incala/article/view/103

19. Exploring the Application of Artificial Intelligence in Arabic Language, https://acopen.umsida.ac.id/index.php/acopen/article/view/12886

20. Utilizing Generative Language Models (ChatGPT) to Enhance, https://proceeding.arab-um.com/index.php/mudalla/article/view/4

21. ChatGPT as a Co-Writer in Arabic Writing Instruction, https://journal.hilyah.id/index.php/jaltech/article/view/33/25

22. View of Language Scaffolding Strategies Based on Vygotsky's Zone, https://journals.bilpubgroup.com/index.php/fls/article/view/9624/6523

23. Kecerdasan Buatan dan Integritas Akademik dalam Pendidikan, https://joecy.org/index.php/joecy/article/view/11700

24. Academic Integrity in the Age of Generative AI - IGI Global, https://www.igi-global.com/chapter/academic-integrity-in-the-age-of-generative-ai/404686

25. Why language models hallucinate | OpenAI, https://openai.com/index/why-language-models-hallucinate/

26. Hallucination Analysis in Large Language Models for Arabic ... - IIETA, https://iieta.org/journals/isi/paper/10.18280/isi.310105

27. Exploring Writing Approaches Using Artificial Intelligence in Foreign, https://awej.org/wp-content/uploads/2026/01/27.pdf

28. How Much Do LLMs Hallucinate across Languages? On Realistic, https://aclanthology.org/2025.emnlp-main.1481.pdf

29. Grammatical Error Patterns in ChatGPT-Generated Modern ... - MDPI, https://www.mdpi.com/2226-471X/11/5/86

30. Which AI Models Actually Understand Arabic in 2026? (Benchmarked), https://coconutstudio.io/b/ai-models-arabic-content-2026/

31. PRISMA Guidelines: Step-by-Step Workflow + Examples - Paperguide, https://paperguide.ai/blog/prisma-guidelines/

32. The PRISMA 2020 statement: an updated guideline for reporting, https://www.bmj.com/content/372/bmj.n71

33. (PDF) PRISMA 2020 statement and guidelines for systematic review, https://www.researchgate.net/publication/362735410_PRISMA_2020_statement_and_guidelines_for_systematic_review_and_meta-analysis_articles_and_their_underlying_mathematics_Life_Cycle_Committee_Recommendations

34. Journal of Arabic Education, https://jurnal.umt.ac.id/index.php/al/article/download/16424/7907/50348

35. AI applied to Saudi Arabia higher education: systematic literature, https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13437471/

36. PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and, https://legacyfileshare.elsevier.com/promis_misc/ISSM_PRISMA_Checklist.pdf

37. PRISMA flow diagram showing the screening and the evaluation, https://www.researchgate.net/figure/PRISMA-flow-diagram-showing-the-screening-and-the-evaluation-process_fig1_343923532

38. PRISMA 2020 flow diagram, https://www.prisma-statement.org/prisma-2020-flow-diagram

39. Quantify and Analyze Hallucinations in Large Language Models, https://aclanthology.org/2024.lrec-main.705.pdf

40. Arabic Natural Language Processing (NLP) - MDPI, https://www.mdpi.com/2073-431X/14/11/497

41. What Shapes CEFR Implementation in Arabic Language Education, https://journal.iaincurup.ac.id/index.php/ARABIYATUNA/article/view/15494

42. Pemanfaatan ChatGPT dalam Meningkatkan Keterampilan Menulis, https://ejournal.diwanpustaka.com/aljawhar/article/view/28

43. View of Analysis of Metacognitive Learning Strategies in The, https://ejournal.uiidalwa.ac.id/index.php/lahjatuna/article/view/3497/1372

44. Implementing AI in Arabic Language Learning: Challenges and, https://journal.staihubbulwathan.id/index.php/alishlah/article/view/7390

45. Pemanfaatan Quizizz dan Al-Qalam AI Dalam Pembelajaran, https://ejournal.unwaha.ac.id/lahjah/article/download/5947/2660/18564

46. An Analysis of ChatGPT's Role in Autonomous Learning, https://ejournal.iainmadura.ac.id/index.php/alibbaa/article/view/22479/5113

47. GPTAraEval: A Comprehensive Evaluation of ChatGPT on Arabic NLP, http://api.deepai.org/publication/gptaraeval-a-comprehensive-evaluation-of-chatgpt-on-arabic-nlp

48. A bilingual benchmark for evaluating large language models - PMC, https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10909174/

49. Nahw: A Comprehensive Benchmark of Arabic Grammar, https://aclanthology.org/2026.eacl-long.296.pdf

50. [2308.04492] ChatGPT for Arabic Grammatical Error Correction - arXiv, https://arxiv.org/abs/2308.04492

51. Tibyan corpus: balanced and comprehensive error coverage ... - PMC, https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12190623/

52. GitHub - CAMeL-Lab/arabic-gec: Code, models, and data for, https://github.com/CAMeL-Lab/arabic-gec

53. Paper page - ChatGPT for Arabic Grammatical Error Correction, https://huggingface.co/papers/2308.04492

54. Re-Evaluating LLMs for Arabic Grammatical Error Correction: A Data, https://scholarworks.aub.edu.lb/items/4728dcd0-668f-419f-ba03-8c1749e69d6a

55. A Systematic Literature Review on Automatic Correction for Arabic, https://www.researchgate.net/publication/398517508_A_Systematic_Literature_Review_on_Automatic_Correction_for_Arabic_Text_Using_Language_Models_and_Deep_Learning

56. An Approach Based on Error Tagging Model and Synthetic Data, https://arxiv.org/html/2502.05312v1

57. Nahw: A Comprehensive Benchmark of Arabic Grammar, https://aclanthology.org/2026.eacl-long.296/

58. ALLaM: Large Language Models for Arabic and English - arXiv, https://arxiv.org/html/2407.15390v1

59. (PDF) The Landscape of Arabic Large Language Models (ALLMs), https://www.researchgate.net/publication/392335254_The_Landscape_of_Arabic_Large_Language_Models_ALLMs_A_New_Era_for_Arabic_Language_Technology

60. Arabic LLM Benchmark 2026 | Compare Arabic AI Models - ASAS AI, https://asas.ai/tools/arabic-llm-benchmark

61. How well can LLMs Grade Essays in Arabic? - arXiv, https://arxiv.org/pdf/2501.16516

62. Arabic LLMs in the Gulf: Jais, Falcon, Allam vs. Gemini, Claude, https://zyyzn.wordpress.com/2026/05/04/arabic-llms/

63. Verified AI Tools for Arabic Content (2026) - Gaurav Agarwal, https://gaurav.imapro.in/arabic-ai-tools-blog

64. ChatGPT 3.5 vs 4 vs 4o Key Differences, Performance & Use Case, https://www.smatbot.com/blog/chatgpt-3-5-vs-4-vs-4o-what-is-the-difference/

65. ChatGPT-4o vs GPT-3.5: Full Comparison and Report - Data Studios, https://www.datastudios.org/post/chatgpt-4o-vs-gpt-3-5-full-comparison-and-report

66. Comprehensive benchmarks for evaluating Arabic large language, https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0329129

67. (PDF) DeepSeek vs. ChatGPT: Comparative Efficacy in Reasoning, https://www.researchgate.net/publication/388631198_DeepSeek_vs_ChatGPT_Comparative_Efficacy_in_Reasoning_for_Adults'_Second_Language_Acquisition_Analysis

68. A new approach to identify LLM hallucinations: Uncertainty, https://mbzuai.ac.ae/news-events/news/new-approach-identify-llm-hallucinations-uncertainty-quantification-presented-acl

69. Benchmarking retrieval augmented generation LLMs for Arabic, https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13526670/

70. A Fine-grained Hallucination Evaluation Framework for Arabic LLMs, https://aclanthology.org/2025.arabicnlp-main.12/

71. A Fine-grained Hallucination Evaluation Framework for Arabic LLMs, https://arxiv.org/pdf/2509.04656

72. Generative AI ethics guidelines for academic writing, https://ijal.upi.edu/index.php/ijal/article/view/499

73. GPTZero vs Turnitin 2026: Accuracy, Tests & Key Differences, https://aitextools.com/gptzero-vs-turnitin-2026

74. Turnitin vs GPTZero: Accuracy, Features & Pricing Compared, https://gptzero.me/news/turnitin-vs-gptzero/

75. GPTZero vs Turnitin: AI Detection Compared | SupWriter, https://supwriter.com/blog/gptzero-vs-turnitin

76. AI Detection Accuracy Studies — Meta-Analysis of 16 ... - Originality.AI, https://originality.ai/blog/ai-detection-studies-round-up

77. Top 20 AI-Generated Text Detectors Comparison - AIMultiple, https://aimultiple.com/ai-generated-text-detector

78. GPTZero vs Turnitin AI Detection, Apa Bedanya? - manuru.id, https://manuru.id/article/gptzero-vs-turnitin-ai-detection

79. (PDF) Accuracy and Reliability of AI-Generated Text Detection Tools, https://www.researchgate.net/publication/389114020_Accuracy_and_Reliability_of_AI-Generated_Text_Detection_Tools_A_Literature_Review

80. Conceptualising using prompt engineering with ChatGPT in, https://iacis.org/iis/2025/4_iis_2025_369-381.pdf

81. Prompt Engineering for Language Teachers Using ChatGPT, https://www.preprints.org/manuscript/202606.1675

82. Engineered Prompts in ChatGPT for Educational Assessment in, https://www.mdpi.com/2227-7102/15/2/156

83. Structured Prompting for Arabic Essay Proficiency - arXiv, https://arxiv.org/pdf/2603.19668

84. Genre-based pedagogies: A social response to process, https://www.researchgate.net/publication/222546974_Genre-based_pedagogies_A_social_response_to_process

85. Need analysis of teaching materials for Kitabah using the genre, http://repository.uin-malang.ac.id/24219/

86. Implementasi Genre-Based Approach dalam Peningkatan, https://journal.umpr.ac.id/index.php/bijaksana/article/view/11347

87. Fostering Arabic Writing Proficiency through an AI-Driven Spiral, https://jurnalfaktarbiyah.iainkediri.ac.id/index.php/asalibuna/article/download/8142/1606

88. Enhancing Arabic writing skills using Chat GPT-based AI learning, https://ejournal.upi.edu/index.php/IJAL/article/view/75378

89. SARF( صرف) Sentiment Analysis via Root-based Fusion for Multi, https://aclanthology.org/2026.osact-1.35/

90. IslamicEval 2025: The First Shared Task of Capturing LLMs, https://aclanthology.org/2025.arabicnlp-sharedtasks.67/

• PDF

Copyright (c) 2026 Al Matla : Journal of Arabic Language Education

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

You are free to:

1. Share — copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format for any purpose, even commercially.
2. Adapt — remix, transform, and build upon the material for any purpose, even commercially.
3. The licensor cannot revoke these freedoms as long as you follow the license terms.

Under the following terms:

1. Attribution — You must give appropriate credit , provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made . You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.
2. ShareAlike — If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you must distribute your contributions under the same license as the original.
3. No additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.

Notices:

You do not have to comply with the license for elements of the material in the public domain or where your use is permitted by an applicable exception or limitation .

No warranties are given. The license may not give you all of the permissions necessary for your intended use. For example, other rights such as publicity, privacy, or moral rights may limit how you use the material.